Device for determining moisture percentage in a web and roll construction therefor



April 5, 1927. A. HARVEY 1,623,675

mue MOISTURE PERCENTAGE 1N A wEB DEVICE FOR DETERMI A ND ROLL` CONSTRUCTION THEREFOR lFiled Sept. 4, 1924 www - 1927 1,623,675` April 5 A. R. HARVEY DEVICE FOR DETERMINING MOISTURE PERCENTAGE I N A WEB AND ROLL CONSTRUCTION THEREFOR Filed Sept. 4, 1,924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 74 l\ /\L\ 4 Y '32 F I L 7 V 1/ 1f@ 1 f .7 '-75 Patented Apr. 5, 1927.

v UNITEufsTATES;

PATENT (OFFICE. ya

l ARTHUR R. HARVEY, 012MIDDLFIOWN,` OHIO,

DEVICE ron nETEaMImNG MOISTURE PERCENTAGEINA WEB Y Tron THEREFOR. t

Application Y mea september An object of the invention resides in 'pro-y viding a construction L of `improved form w adapted for contact with a movable webl and carrying Vmeans for operating an indicator responsiveto the heat of the web so'that the indicator will register vthe moisture percentage in said web. i

Another object ofthe invention resides in providing a device for indicating the moisture percentage in a web having an indicator and operating means 'connected therewith andy includingv a rotatable element adapted for 4engagement `with theweb and rotatable in the movement thereof, said` rotatableelement carryingheat responsive-means connected with said indicator and adapted to operate the indicator according to the temperature of the'web for indicating said percentage. j f A further object resides in providing a device of the character described wherein Vthe operating means lfor the indicatorin- ,3,0 cludesa-roll suitablymounted forrotation rotation and contact with a4f movable web,

which includes a `plurality ,off axially ar-` A ranged assembled sections toform saidroll, predetermined sections of Whichform heating sections, while other predetermined sections form cold sections, each `of said predev termined sections being equipped with heat responsive means connected with said indicator, and eHective throughthe temperature of the heating means` and the web foroperat- '50 ing said indicator, to register the moisture percentage in said web. Y Anotherand particular feature of theinvention resides in the particular yroll construction including a shaft or shaft members adapted to mount the rollstructure for rota- AND ROLL ooivstrmrcf 4, 1`92 4. Serial No. 735,921.4

tion in suitable bearings, and supporting i structure for contactwith a movable web,

from a drying machine, in the course ofy manufacture'of the paper.

` The invention also includes other objects and 'improvements in the details `of ,construction and arrangement. of the parts which are moreparticularly described in the following detailed ldescription and claims, .directed to preferred forms of the invention, it being understood, however, that? various changes in these` details of construction and arrangement of parts `may be made as sug-` gested bythe forms illustrated, or in any othermanner, Awithin Vthe scope of the tion asV described and claimed. y

` The accompanying drawings, forming Va part of this application illustrate the invention,and in which:

Figure l is ar diagrammatic elevational view ,of an improved roll construction forming the subject matter of this invention.

Figure Qis av'longitudinal sectional'view, through the central portion of the roll illustra-ted in Figure il, and illustrating more particularly kthe heating sections and manner of assembling adjacent sectionsqthereto.

Figure -3 is favertical sectional view, through the end portion of the roll and the inven-s.

bearing structure for mounting the same on Y a paper machine.

view ofv a roll construction similar to that shown in Figure 1, havingaA plurality of rheating sections positioned adjacent `the ends ofthe roll.

Figure 5 isa sectional view through one of" the heating sections" of the ystructure shown/in Figure 4. i

' Figure 6 is a sectional view, through the end portion of the roll showntin Figure 4, showing the manner ofmounting the end structure on the supporting shaft therefor. Figure 7 is a transverse sectional view through the heating section of the roll shown in Figure 4, taken 4on the line 7--7 v ofFigure.vk

Y Figure v8 is a diagrammatic view showing the last two rolls ot a dryer7 and the position of the roll forming the subject mattei' of the present invention therewith.

1 indicates an improved roll construction or rotatable element adapted to be mounted for rotation in contact with a movable web, and which comprises a hot or heating section 2. positioned in the central portion of the roll` cold sections 3 adjacent the'end portions of the roll, and intermediate sections 4 between the hot and cold sections and end sections 5 at the end of said roll all assembled in axial alignment for forming the assen'ibled roll structure in a manner which will be presently described. The roll con'iprises a plurality ot tubular casings forming the exterior cylindrical surface of the roll, which are co-extensive with each section and are indicated at 6, said casings being threaded internally at opposite ends tor threaded cooperation with junction members 7 having annular flanges 8, against which the. ends of the tubular casings abut. The junction blocks or members 7 comprise cylindrical portions 9 having threaded external surfaces for cooperation with the internal threads on said tubular casing, and web portions 10 in the central portion ot said cylindrical portions 9 for reinforcing said cylindrical portions, so that the blocks will cooperate with said tubular casings to form a roll structure having a substantial tensile strength. The webs 10 are provided with openings 11 'for convenience in passing connection wires to the heat responsive means therethrough.

The heating section 2 and the junction blocks contiguous thereto are of special construction having axially arranged openings 12 tor receiving a rod member 13 extending through said heating section and supporting a pair ot spaced spiders 14 having annular tlanges 15 thereon, arranged in opposed relation for receiving and mounting a cylindrical body 1G, ot suitable heat resisting material provided with a spiral groove on the periphery thereof for receiving an electrical heating element 17 adapted to be wound therein and connected with a suitable source ot' electric current for supplying heat to said section, for heating the casing 6, in order to supply a predetermined amount of heat to the web passing over and in contact with said roll. The spiders 14 are held in spaced relation by a plurality ot tubes 1S, arranged in circumferential relation. These tubes are adapted to term conduits for the circuit wires to the heating element 17, and also the hot junction ot the thermocouple which will be presently described. Suitable insulated current carrying wires 19 are connected with said heating elements 17 and extend through the tubes 1S and the openings 11 ot the junction members of said roll to contact rings on the end portion thereof.

A hot junction of a thermocouple is mounted in the casing G. as indicated at Q0, and includes a suitable block member containing the'usual and well known thermoconplc construction and -from which leads a circuit wire 2l suitably insulated tor connecting said thermocouple with a suitable contact ring at the end of the roll, to be presentlyy described. rThe tube 1S adjacent the thcrmocouple Q0 is provided with an open ing adapted to permit the cable 2l to pass therethrough so that it will properly support the cable or circuit wire throng-lr out the heating section to prevent the same trom becoming unduly heated or contacting with the circuit wires ot the heating element.

The cold section 3 ot the roll mounts the cold junction 3 ot the thermocouple in the same manner as the hot junction illustrated in Figure Q, and from which the circuit wires extend tor properly connecting this thern'iocouple'in circuit with an indicator. The cold section merely includes the casingr section (t assembled in the roll structure by the junction members before de scribed, and positioned between the tubular casing G ot the intermediate sections 4,- and the end section 5.

The end section 5 which is located aiY each end of the roll, includes an identical structure for each end.y and is particularly illustrated in Figure 3 of the drawings. 'lhe end section comprises the usual tubular casing 6 common to all of the sections. secured to its adjacent section through the medium of the usual junction member above described, and mounting in the free end portion thereot` at the end ot the roll, an annular member ot angular section indicated at 23. which is designed to make a tight tit within the casing 6 and to which is secured a 'tace plate 24, fitted in the end ot the casing 6 as illustrated in Figure 3 and secured to the annular member Q53 by suitable bolts 25. This face plate is provided with a central opening surrounded by an annular Hange which is threaded on or otherwise permanently secured to a shaft section 2G. the end portion ot which is adapted to he seated and carried by a suitable hearing structure 27 for rotatably mounting the roll in plate members 28 which are adapted to be secured to a suitable portion ot the dryer trame Yt'or paper machines. The portion ot the shaft extending through the llange parts of the 'face plate is provided with a plurality of `grooves 29. which are adapted to provide passages For the circuit wires 'from the heating element and the thermmouple carried by the hot and cold sections ot the roll. The shatt section 26 is ot larger dialneter at the inner end where it fits in the flange opening ot the tace plate. while the outer end portion received in the bearing 27 is lof substantially` "reduceddiameter, and between said end vportions of varying diameter is a central portion 'of a larger diam F eter than the end portion fitting' inthe bearl i119; y27' and of smaller diameter than the-end portion receivejd'in the face plate,` \"vhich is adapted to receive a sleeve member 3ljcar`rying a plurality of insulating;l rings or discs 32, adapted to mount a pluralityof slip rings therebetween, in' insulated relation with respeCtto each other, and theshaft or cylin` drical portion 3Q thereof.` The bearing' 27 andv the `slip ring* Construction is suitably held vtvithin a vdustvtipght casingi 34, mounted on the supporting plate 28, and ,having a pack joint around the flange 'extending from the plate 24 as indicated at 35. l/Vithin the casing 34 and mounted Ain the supporting` plate or flange 28=area plurality "of rods 36, arranged in concentric relation with respect to the shaft 2G, and extending inwardly and overlyingl the slip ring 33 carried by the CJP A shaft. These rods areadapted to support suitable contact' brushes 37,l arranged in spaced relation on said rods 36 and insulated from each other,aclapted for contactwith VVrespective 4rings B3, above described, in a .be vappliedto the web of material pass manner as clearly 'illustrated in Figure 3. Suitable circuit Wires, not shown), .connect the brushes `with al source of power for the heating element and the indicator, with thethermocouple, so that in the operation of the device, with a` movable web `p`a"ssinfg`over the roll, the thermocouples i'vill operate the indicator according vto 'the temperature differ; ence at the points ofsensiti'veness thereof Yto the paper, to indicate the moisture percentyIn the above be seen that the hot section is located in the central portion ofthe roll, and that heat Will ing thcreover in the `central portion and the hot junctionV of the Itl'ierrnocouple 'will operate'in conj'unction'with the central, part of the "web,

While the cold junction Aof -the therinoc'ouple operates adjacent the e'd `of the `web. "When the circuit Wirefis connected to a pair "of slip rinus at Vthe lend of 'the rolls, 'shown in 'Fi/g# ui're igor interposedthrough the connections inthe corresponding ybrushes in the circuit tvith a voltmete'rof a desired tyfpe, the tirermocouple circuit will operate the voltrneter cav tojindicate the percentage ofmo'isture inthe iveb passingv over the "roll, when a' predetermined amount of heat is supplied to the heat.- inp," coil inthe heating' section 2', through the interpos'ition of said coily a circuit t'hr`oi'r9',h th'ebrush connection at the end of said 'roll with the corresponding pair of 'rinf'g's connectedto the heatingr eleniein, as above described for' supplying Current thereto. It has been found, however; that under some conditions, the above described rollconst'ruc- Vtio'n,"f\`v'liile 'having substantially high practical advantages over oth'er constructions heretofore used, will not successfully ,With-V stand the tensile and torsional stresses to which it is subjected in use, in connection With 'a paper Vmachine for indicating the moisture content of a web of paper.

As aresult of the practical disadvantages ofthe above described roll, a reinforced construction has been provided therefor, -of a slightly different character such as illustrated in Figure 4, which includes main shaft, sections 40,'Which are provided with reduced axial extensions at the opposite ends as 'at 41, Vfor 'receiving the` ring structure above described, and also fitting in the bearing structure, carried by the dryer frame of a paper machine or theflike. The shaft sections 40 are connected by and supporta tubus lar'reinforcing shaft 42, between the reduced ends as clearly illustrated in Figures and 6. The remaining structure of the roll is substantially sin'iilar to the 'one first d'escribed, including hot 'sections 43, intermediate sections 44, a cold 'section 45, 'and end sections 46. All of these sections are' united i'n r'oll forini'ng relation by suitable junction lmembers 47 mounted on the tubular reinforcing shaft 42, in a manner as clearly illustrated in Figure 5, 'and provided in the central portion with an annular flange 48g against Which the ends of the tubular casing sections 49 co-extensive with each `of th'c sections abut. The casing sections 49 are secured to the junction members 47, in any suitable manner asjabove described, and inA the hot section. 'a' cylindrical heat resisting member 5'0 is positioned on the tu'bulaj.l shaft 42, and provided on the periphery thereof with a spiral Agroove for receiving the heating element 5l top'rovi'de the proper amount of heat for this hot section. In the iso central portion of the -hot section, the hot junction of the thermocouplc is mounted 'in the 'usual Inanner,"as indicated at 1:52-, and

Vpr'r'i'i'fic'lc'ed with suitable Wire connections in a manner fas above described, While suitable tubes 53 are provided for forming conduits extendingr axially 'of the roll, for Asaid Wi res of the therniocouple and also of the heatin element. In order to permit of ready access to the heating element and the h'ot vsection 4B of the improved roll construction, the casing section therefor" is formed of a pair of sections of semi-cylindrical form, indicated at 54 and 55 respectively, Which are` provided with overlapped interfittinsr tongue extensions 'as illustrated Vin Figure "7. to ,pro-

mal operation of the roll, foidetermining the moisture content of the web. Thecold section ot the improved roll, indicated at l5 is also formed of a pair oit' sen'ii-circular casing sections similar to the sections 54C and 55 and said cold section ol the roll mounts a pair of cold thermocouple junctions indicated at 57, to cooperate with the respective hot thermocmiples 52 in the heating sections oi the end portions of the roll, in a manner as clearly illustrated in Figure i. the wiring connections between the same being designated in dotted lines. The end structure ot' the roll, at the ends of the casing sections or end sections 4G are reinforced by supporting rings 58. fitted on the ends ol'A the tubular reinforcing sha'tt 42. and are adapted to receive end plates 59 bolted thereto. in a desirable manner for tinishing the end structure ot the roll. In this reinforced construction, it will be seen that the web will be heated at. or adjacent the opposite sides thereot' where the hot junction of the thermocouples are positioned, while the corresponding cold junctions ot the thermocouple are positioned in the central portion ot' the web, and the top -pairs of hotand cold junetions connected together to the correspondina' or desired slip rings, tor connection in circuit with a suitable voltmeter indicated at (SO illustrated diagrammatically in Figure 41. while the heating elements are connected with a suitable source o't power measured by a wattmeter (il and controlled by a suitable variable resistance G2. It will be seen. 'trom this construction, that a substantial improvement has been made in the roll constructionr` whereby the same will withstand substantially great torsional strains in the operation of the roll. and at the same time will more accurately determine the moisture content of the paper by the plurality of indicating devices connected with the corresponding heating elements and thermocouple circuits.

In Figure 8, the manner of connecting the roll,` 'for operation in connection with a paper machine is illustrated diagrammat-ieally, wherein the larger circles as indicated at 63 represent the last two rolls of a dryer for a paper lnaehine from which the paper passes over an idler roll Gli, and subsequently to the improved measuring roll, above described, as indicated at 65, wherein the moisture content of the paper is determined, through the operation of the thermocouples and voltmeter, such as illustrated at (50. in Figure ll.

From the foregoing description, it should be readily appreciated that a. substantially improved roll construction has been provided, wherein the same is constructed for mounting all of the means adapted to contact with and operate through suitable connections, the indicator from which the moisture percentage of the paper may be determined.

The means for obtaining the temperature difference includes the use of a milli-volt meter or potent-ion'ieter which is indicated in the drawings by the numeral GO and is preferably calibrated to read directly in terms ot' percent moisture contained in the paper, and the principle involved in the calibration may be mathematically shown as follows where 'lgztempcraturc of paper after heating. T, :temperature ot paper before heating. IVwzweight of water contained in the paper plus the weight of dissolved substances. Swzspeeific heat of above. lVpzweight o't bone-dry paper passing over the instrument in unit time. Snzspeciic heat of above. Qzquantity of heat supplied in unit time.

For a given rate oi production on the paper machine, all of the above factors will be known except IV, (assuming Sw equals l). The quantity IV an therefore be calculated from which the percentage moisture in (be paper can be found thus:

*pivv X 1001= per cent moisture.

That is claimed is:

l. In combination, an indicator, an operating means therefor comprising a rotatable element adapted for contact and rotation with a movable web, heating means mounted in said element tor heating a portion ot the web, heat responsive means mounted in said element for contact, with the web at the heated portion and at an unheated portion and, responsive to the difference in temperature of the web at the points oi contact. and means operatively connecting the heat responsive means with the indicator tor operating said indicator to register the percentage of moisture in the web.

2. In combination, an indicator, an operating means therefor comprising a rotatable element adapted for contact and rotation with a movable web, heating means carried by the element for heating a portion of the web, heat responsive means mounted in spaced relation in said element for contact at spaced points with the heated and unbeated portions of the web and responsive to the difference in the temperature ot the web at the heated and unheated portion thereof, and means connecting said spaced heat responsive means to said indicator for operating the indicator to register the moisture percentage of the web.

3. In combination, an indicator, an operating means therefor comprising a rotatable element adapted for contact and rotation with a movable web, said element having hot CTI sections and cold sections, heating means in the hotV sections, heat responsive means mounted in both sections responsive to the difference in temperature of the web contacting with the respective sections, and means connecting said heat responsive means'with said indicator for operating the indicator to Vregister the moisturepercentage of the web.

i temperature of the web between said points,

means for heating the web at the portions effecting the hot junctions, and connections between said junctions and the indicator for operating the indicator to register vthe moisture percentage of the web.

5. In combination, an indicator, an operating means therefor comprising a rotatable element adapted for contact and rotation with a movable web, heating means inV said element for heating the web at a predetermined portion thereof, heat responsive means mounted in said element responsive to the difference in temperature between lthe web atthe heating means and the web atspaced intervals therefrom, and connections between the heat responsive means and the indicator for operating the indicator to register the percentage ofmoisture in the web.

6. An ,operatingdevice9 for an indicator for registering-the percentage of moisture in a web comprising a roll mounted for rotation in contacty with a movable web, heating means mounted in said roll for heating a portion of the web, heat responsive means mounted at spaced points, one of said points being adjacent said heating means in said roll responsive to the difference in temperature of the web between said spaced points, and `'connections between the heatk responsive means in the roll and the indicator.

7. An operating device for an indicator for registering the percentage of moisture in a web comprising a roll having a plurality of sections assembled in axial alignment kand mounted for rotation in contact with a movable web, heat responsive means mounted in predetermined sections, heating means in a predetermined section one of said heat responsive means being in the section with the heating means, and responsive ltothe difference in temperature of the web,

between said predetermined sections andV connections between said heat responsive means and the indicator. v v

8. An operating device forv an indicator for registering the percentage of moisture bearings,

in a web comprising a roll having a plu,-`

ra-lity ofv casing sections, means for asseinbling said sections in roll forming relation, therinocouples mounted in pre-determined sections responsive to the difference in temperature of a web passing over said roll between said thermocouples, means mounted in one of said predetermined sections for heating the section, said roll having shaft extensions on the opposite ends thereof adapted to be rotatably mounted in suitable and connections between said thermocouples and slip rings carried by said shaft extensions, whereby the thermocouples may be interposed in a circuit with the iiidicatoi'. t 9. An operating device for an indicator for registering the percentage of moisture in a web comprising a roll formed of a plurality of axially arranged sections assembled in roll forming relation, heat lresponsive means mounted in predetermined sections of said roll responsive to difference in temperature of the web at predetermined spaced points, heating elements mounted in predetermined sections of said roll for heating portions of the web, portions of the heat responsive means being in the same section with the heating element, and connections between said heating elements, the heat responsive means, and independent means beyond the ends of the roll rotatable therewith, whereby the heating element and heat responsive means may be interposediii circuits beyond said roll.

10. An operating device for an indicator for registering the percentage of moisture in a web comprising a roll formed of a plurality of casing sections, junction means securing said sections in assembled, axial aligned relation to form the roll, supporting means for saidv roll projecting beyond the ing over the i'oll aty predetermined spaced points, slip rings mounted on said roll supporting means beyond said roll, connections between the heating elements, the thermocouples, and predetermined slip rings, whereby said heating element and thermocouples may be connected in circuits beyond said roll.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature. ARTHUR R. HARVEY. 

